TONI COMARA

Friday, 13 September 2013

The Environment and Security bottled water BY Siti Ulfiana

Article Environment | Environmental Sample Articles
Here is an example of the Environment Article of the Environment and Security bottled water . The reason we buy drinking water is so practical and guaranteed cleanliness . However, it is unfortunate because the news had spread some bottled water is no longer safe to eat . Based on research , the depot refill drinking water , contaminated half when many people assume bottled water is more hygienic and healthier than tap water . Really?Articles in the Definition of Environment
According to environmental expert dr . R. Budi Haryanto , SKM . Kes , MSc from the University of Indonesia said that clean water is a major requirement in order to be consumed . Net free here in the sense of physical contamination , chemical , radioactive and biological . But unfortunately most of the water , especially in Jakarta , did not meet the main requirements . Clean water crisis forces us to buy bottled water or recharge at the nearest depot refill . In the article the Environment , FDA stated Later some bottled water is no longer safe to eat . The same thing nerlaku also for drinking water refill . Based on the research faculty of medicine students in 2009 in the area Cimanggis , West Java suspected depot refill water contains E. Coli . Based on the quality standards of the Department of Health , delivered Budi , the water is safe if it does not contain bacteria . " Threshold limit zero , ' he said .
According to the Indonesia Finance Today - June 3, 2013 - raw water conditions in Jakarta in terms of quality and quantity are in poor condition . Director General of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works , Mohammad Hassan , said that the severity of the condition of the water in Jakarta due to the dry season river flow Jakarta especially black and very dirty while the rainy season flood incredible .
In this article the Environment , Water is tasteless, clear , colorless and odorless water is usually a sign that had the chemical contamination , such as Cadmium , Arsenic , Boron , Barium , Selenium , Nickel , Lead , etc. but do not get bacterial contamination , such as : enteroinvasive Escherichia coli , enteropathogenic Escherichia coli , enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli , typhoid bacteria , Parathypus , Salmonella and dysentery bacteria . Bacterial contamination of water had almost no visible signs of pollution . If consumed will cause interference , such as abdominal pain , fever , poisoning , to a variety of chronic diseases dangerous .
Environment Articles
Environment Articles
Based on the experience of dr . Budi , diarrhea caused by E. Coli is the main diseases caused by unclean water consumption . Even thought, diarrhea referred to as the cause of death of infants and toddlers who drink contaminated water would have a higher risk . " Babies who are at risk of consuming water refill diarrhea 3 times greater than infants who do not consume them . This is because the water is usually drunk straight , " he said . Therefore, in this article the Environment , he insists that cooking back water before drinking it or passing it through the dispenser to reduce bacterial contamination . " Even when viewed from the risk of diarrhea , drinking boiled water obviously more secure and free of germs . "Environment Articles
Environment Articles
Environment This article describes that phenomenon depot refill water and some bottled water brands that are no longer safe water treatment which indicates the importance of hygienic and effective . There have been many types of water treatment technology that has the function to clear and purify potable water in order , one that can filter ultraviolet bacteria or chemicals in the water . Masingt each type of water treatment and the advantages possessed its own advantages . " Because the water in Jakarta is not the same quality , which is difficult to mention the most ideal . But the increasingly sophisticated technology owned depot will greatly affect the quality of the raw water to be treated, "said dr . Budi . Outside the terms of technology , operations officer also was instrumental in determining the quality of treated water . " The more skilled and master processing technology , the processed results will also be more secure . " He said again . But if all the operations officer experienced ? Because no matter how good the technology would not be useful if the operate is that less skilled .
If you are a customer or a bottled water refill , check before buying . Environment in this article , the following tips on safe drinking water backwards .

    Choose a decent drink . In terms of look and nfisik , good drinking water should not have a smell , taste , and color
    Make sure the water is not easily torn packaging and in good condition and strong
    Choose bottled water which already has permission department of health / POM
    Boil over or miss the water through the dispenser / water purifier to reduce bacterial kontaminsi

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Scanners BY Widya Ikana

By toni comara03:12:00 No comments:

Nama : Widya Ikana

No : 33

Kelas : XII RPL 1

Computer systems
Topic: scanners

            Abstract
               This report investigates the current state of scanner technology and examines the predicted future advancements of scanners. A brief history of the scanner and its operation is initially outlined. The discussion then focuses on the advantages and limitations of the five main types of scanners in common use today: drum, flatbed, sheet-fed, slide, and hand held scanners. The performance of these scanners is examined in relation to four main criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. It is concluded that further technological advances in these four areas as well as the deployment of new sensor technology will continue to improve the quality of scanned images. It is also suggested that specialised scanners will increasingly be incorporated into other types of technology such as digital cameras.

               1. Introduction
            The purpose of this report is to survey the current state of scanner technology and to briefly discuss predicted advancements in the field.
            By examining a range of recently published journal articles, magazine articles and internet sites on the topic of scanners this report describes the main types of scanners in common use today and examines their performance in relation to four criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. The report then considers the effect of further technological advances in these four areas, as well as the deployment of new sensor technology on the future development of scanners.
            The first scanner, initially referred to as a 'reading machine', was developed in 1960 by Jacob Rabinow, a Russian born engineer. The device could scan printed material and then compare each character to a set of standards in a matrix using, for the first time, the "best match principle" to determine the original message (Blatner, Fleishman and Roth 1998, p.3). This reading machine was to form the basis for the development of current scanning, sorting and processing machines.
            An early improvement on the reading machine was the drum scanner.   These scanners used a type of scanning technology called photomultiplier tubes (PMT). Drum scanners are still used in industry today because of the high quality images they produce.   The development of smaller, more economical scanners such as desktop scanners and scanners for domestic use followed the drum scanner as the number of computer users increased and computer technology advanced.
            Scanners can now capture images from a wide variety of two and three dimensional sources. These images are converted to digitised computer files that can be stored on a hard-drive or floppy disk. With the aid of specific software, these images can then be manipulated and enhanced by the user. It is now possible to deploy electronic acquisition to create an entire layout (including all graphic elements) from the same computer. This means   manual stripping is no longer required (Scanners, digital cameras and photo CDs 2000). Scanners are considered an invaluable tool for adding graphics and text to documents and have been readily adopted by both business and domestic users.
            2. How scanners work
               A scanner is a device that uses a light source to electronically convert an image into binary data (0s and 1s). This binary data can then be used to store the scanned image on a computer. A scanner recreates an image by using small electronic components referred to as the scanner's 'eyes' (Scanner tips 2000). The type of 'eyes' used in today's scanners are charge-coupled devices (CCD) and photomultiplier tubes (PMT). These electronic eyes measure the amount of light reflected from individual points on the page and translate it to digital signals that correspond to the brightness of each point (Englander 2000).
            To create a file on the computer that represents a colour image, the scanner divides the image into a grid with many individual points called pixels or picture elements (Scanner tips 2000). A scanning head, termed a row of 'eyes', reads over the grid and assigns a number to each pixel based on the main colour in that pixel, using green, blue and red. For example an aqua pixel would be saved as a number to represent the proportion of blue, green and red which represents the colour aqua (Scanners, digital cameras and photo CDs 2000).
            3. Types of scanners
            There are five main types of scanners in common use today: drum scanners, flatbed scanners, sheet-fed scanners, slide scanners, and hand held scanners.
            3.1 Drum scanners
            Drum scanners were widely used in the past, however they are much less commonly used today due to advances in scanner technology. As a result of their expense, these machines are primarily used by professionals in industry, where they are considered important due to the high-end quality image they produce and because they use PMT technology which is more sophisticated than charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and contact image sensor's (CISs). Drum scanners are difficult to operate and technicians operate these scanners by placing the item to be scanned on a glass cylinder rotating at high speeds around the sensor (Sullivan 1996).
            3.2 Flatbed scanners
            The most popular scanners for general use are flatbed scanners. This type of scanner is highly versatile because it is able to scan flat objects as well as small three dimensional objects. Flat-bed scanners operate by placing the item to be scanned on a glass window while scanning heads move underneath it. A transparency adapter is used to scan transparent originals such as slides or x-rays, and an automatic document feeder is available for scanning large numbers of documents   (Scanner tips 2000).
            3.3 Sheet-fed scanners
            Sheet-fed scanners have grown in popularity in recent years, particularly for small office or domestic use as they are reasonably priced, can scan full-sized documents and are compact, requiring limited desk space (Scanner tips 2000). Most models of sheet-fed scanners have an inbuilt document feeder to overcome the problem of manually feeding one sheet of paper at a time. However the actual process or scanning with a sheet-fed scanner may result in distortion as the image to be scanned moves over the scanning heads (Scanner tips 2000). A further limitation of sheet-fed scanners is that they are unable to scan three dimensional objects.
            3.4 Slide scanners
            This type of scanner is used to scan items such as slides that need careful handling during scanning. Unlike other scanners, the scanning heads in slide scanners do not reflect light from the image, but rather pass light through it. This enables these scanners to produce superior results without distortions caused by reflective light. To be able to scan small and detailed items, these scanners have a large number of eyes on the scanning head which produces a high quality result. Slide scanners tend to be more expensive and less versatile than flatbed and sheet-fed scanners as they are limited to only scanning slides and film. These scanners, however, are well suited to users requiring high quality scans of large numbers of slides (Scanner tips 2000).
            3.5 Hand held scanners
            Hand held scanners are compact, portable scanners which are simply dragged across a page manually to capture an image. These scanners are easy to use and economical to purchase; however, their use is limited to text of up to four inches in diameter that does not require a high resolution. For this reason, hand held scanners are unsuitable for colour images. A further disadvantage of hand held scanners is that the user must have a steady hand when scanning or the resulting image will be distorted (Scanner tips 2000).
            4. Scanner specifications
            The performance of a scanner can be examined in relation to four main criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software.
            4.1 Resolution
               Resolution is a measure of how many pixels a scanner can sample in a given image. It is used to describe the amount of detail in an image (Figeiredo, McIllree and Thomas 1996). Higher resolution scanners are generally more expensive and produce superior results as they have a greater capacity to capture detail. Scanners have two types of resolutions: optical resolution and interpolated resolution.
            Optical resolution, or hardware resolution, is a measure of how many pixels a scanner can actually read. A current model desktop scanner typically has a resolution of 300 x 300 dots per inch (dpi)   (Anderson 1999). This means that this scanner has a scanning head with 300 sensors per inch, so it can sample 300 dpi in one direction and 300 dpi in the other direction by stopping the scanning head 300 times per inch in both directions.   Some scanners stop the scanning head more frequently as it moves down the page, giving an optical resolution of 300 x 600 dpi; however, scanning more frequently in one direction does not improve the result of the scan. The basic requirement for scanning detailed images and line art from photos or other printed originals is an optical resolution of 600 dpi. When scanning slides and negatives the minimum optical resolution is 1200 dpi.
               Interpolated resolution measures the number of pixels a scanner is able to predict. A scanner can turn a 300 x 300 dpi scan into a 600 x 600 dpi scan by looking in-between scanned pixels and guessing what that spot would have looked like if it had been scanned. This prediction is then used to insert new pixels in between the actual ones scanned. This technique is less precise than optical resolution; however it assists in improving the enlargement of scanned images.
            4.2 Bit depth
            Bit depth refers to the amount of information that a scanner records for each pixel when converting an image to digital form. Scanners differ in the amount of data they record for each pixel within an image. The simplest kinds of scanners only record data related to black and white details and have a bit depth of 1 (Anderson 1999). The minimum bit depth required for scanning photographs and documents is 24-bits, while slides, negatives or transparencies need a scanner with at least 30-bits.
            Thus for a scanner to produce a high quality scan with colour, a higher bit depth is required. In general, current scanners have a bit depth of 24, which means that 8 bits of information can be collected for the three primary colours used in scanning; blue, red and green (Anderson 1999). This high resolution allows scanners to produce images close to photographic quality.
            4.3 Dynamic range
               Dynamic range refers to the measurement of the range of tones a scanner can record on a scale of 0.0 to 4.0, with 0.0 being perfect white and 4.0 being perfect black. Colour flat-bed scanners usually have a dynamic range of 2.4. A range of this measurement is unable to provide high quality colour scans. A dynamic range of 2.8 and 3.2 is suited to professional purposes and can be found in high-end scanners. An even higher dynamic range of 3.0 to 3.8 can be provided by drum scanners.
            4.4 Software
               A scanner, like any type of hardware, requires software. Typically the two most common pieces of software provided with scanners include optical character recognition (OCR) and image editing software. Optical character recognition software translates the information recorded in a scan, tiny dots, into a text file which can be edited. Image editing software allows the tones and colours of an image to be manipulated for better printing and display. Image editing also gives filters to apply special effects to scanned images
            5. Future developments
            The quality of scanned images is constantly improving as characteristics such as resolution, bit-depth and dynamic range are enhanced and further developed.   More sophisticated image editing and optical character recognition software development is also resulting in superior quality scans. Future advances are expected to result in the incorporation of specialized scanners into other types of technology such as the recently developed digital camera. This device allows the user to take pictures of three-dimensional objects much like a regular camera, except that instead of using film, the objects are scanned by the camera in a similar process to the functioning of a flatbed scanner.
               The relatively new area of sensor technology in the form of a contact image sensor (CIS) (see Appendix 1) is expected to improve the functionality of scanners and the quality of images as it "replaces the cumbersome optical reduction technique with a single row of sensors" (Grotta and Wiener 1998, p. 1). Developers have already been able to produce a CIS scanner which is thinner, lighter, more energy efficient and cheaper to manufacture than a traditional CCD base device. However, the quality of the scan is not as good as its counterparts. Further development of CIS technology is needed to improve image quality and colour, and to address the problem of a limited 300 or 600 dpi.
               6. Conclusion
            This report has identified five types of scanners currently available. Some are primarily used for professional purposes such as the drum scanner; others are used more broadly in the workplace and home such as flatbed scanners and to a lesser extent sheetfed scanners. Scanners for specialized purposes have also been identified such as slide and handheld scanners. The performance of these scanners is dependent upon their resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. Scanners have improved significantly in recent years in terms of weight, size, price and speed, and the replacement of CCD technology with CIS technology is anticipated to produce further benefits to these areas as well as to scan quality. The impact of these improvements is expected to increase the accessibility of scanner technology to a wider range of users and its suitability for a wider range of purposes. In relation to this, the future of scanner technology seems to point to the convergence of different technologies. Specialized scanners are currently being incorporated into other types of technologies such as digital cameras, printers, and photocopiers. This can be expected to continue with other forms of technology in conjunction with further improvements to image quality, speed, price, size and weight.               7. Reference list
            Anderson, D. The PC Guide. [http:www.pctechguide.com/18scanners.htm].
            Blatner, D., Fleishman, G. Roth, G. (1998) Real world scanning and halftones 2nd edition, Peachpit Press, USA.
            Englander, I (2000). The Architecture of computer hardware and systems software. John Wiley, USA, p272.
            Figeiredo, J. McIllree, J. Thomas, N. (1996) Introducing information technology 2nd edition Jacaranda Press, Singapore, p145.
            Grotta, D. and Weiner, S. What's now ...What's next. [http://www.zdnet.com/pcmag/features/scanners98/intro.html] PC Magazines 20 October 1998. 8/4/00
            Prepress, scanners, digital cameras and photoCDs. [http://www.prepress.pps.com/mem/lib/ptr/scanners.html] 1998. 6/4/00
            Scansoft scanner tips [http://www.scannercentral.com/scanners/tips/tips1.asp] 2000.6/4/00
            Sullivan. M. Types of scanners. [http://hsdesign.com/scanning/types/types.html] 1996. 8/4/00

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How to Keep to Keep the Environment Clean BY Mela Dwi Lestari

By toni comara03:07:00 No comments:

Nama : Mela Dwi Lestari

Kelas : XII RPL 2

How to Keep to Keep the Environment Clean

    Keeping the environment clean is very important. Keeping it clean environment is actually very easy, but sometimes the application wrote that very difficult to do. But if you often do u will make us accustomed to always keep environment clean. If we are taught from an early age by our parents about the meaning of a healthy lifestyle then it will make us accustomed to protecting the environment to stay clean.

   Nowadays there are many people littering, especially in big cities often they throw garbage carelessly. With protecting the environment to stay clean we have to do it with the smallest first instance, dispose of waste in place.

     Had clean and comfortable environment that will make our hearts feel peaceful because by keeping the environment clean in order to keep it going to keep us away from various diseases.
    1. Dispose of waste in place, do not remove disembarang place.
     2.Remove home of dirt and dust.
     3.Remove home page regularly to look clean and comfortable when seen.
     4. Cleaning the gutters are not clogged so no waste water.
     5. Garbage that has been dumped a lot better when it's burned.
     6. Do 3 M; Closing water storage, bath care routine, bury the used goods.
     Apply 3 B; Dispose of waste in place, clean the dirty areas, get used to living clean.

    So how to keep the environment in order to stay clear of me. May be useful and can be applied in daily activities at home or wherever we are, we must prioritize cleanliness. Let us support a clean and healthy behavior in the environment where we tinggak. Let's always keep. (*)

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There are many damage caused by the flood BY Pradipta

By toni comara03:04:00 No comments:

Assalamu ‘alaikum wr. Wb
Good Afternoon,

Environment

Honorable all the juries and the committee of this English speech contest.
First of all, let’s thank to Allah SWT who has given us many mercies and blessing so we
can join this program without any troubles. Secondly, I would like to introduce myself.
My name is ……. I am a student of …..

Well, ladies and gentlemen, in this occasion I would like to tell you about environment.
Environment is everything around us. Environment consists of two main parts which are
biotic and a biotic environment. Biotic environment is everything around us which are
live, for example plants, animals and human beings. While a biotic environment is
everything around us which are not live, for example stone, water, wind, land and etc.
We must protect our environment as good as possible because it can influence our live.
As we know that Indonesia has many tropical forests and it is a source of nature which
can help people live peacefully. So as human being we should preserve the forest.

There are some efforts which should be done by all people:
1. Not cutting down the trees in the forest
2. Planting any kinds of trees in the barren area of the forest

Cutting down the trees in the forest can cause many disasters for human beings. Of
course it can cause flood because the rain water can’t be absorbed by the root of plants so
the water flows directly to the ground. There are many damage caused by the flood,
many people being homeless because of flood, the flood kill many kinds of pet, many
factories can’t produce anything, transportation can’t run well because the bridge is
broken and so on. How horrified the flood is…!!

Actually, the disasters above can be minimized if all of human beings can preserve our
environment and we must pay more attention to the environment whenever and
wherever. We must not throw away rubbish anywhere which can disturb the flowing of
the river water. We should plant any kinds of trees in the barren area or in side of the
road.

By doing those simple efforts, it means we have participated in the preservation of our
environment.
I think that’s all and thank you very much for your attention.
Wassalamu ‘alaikum wr. Wb

Kirimkan Ini lewat Email

Nama    : Pradipta
Kelas    : XII Rpl 2
No        : 23

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UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL AND TYPE - KIND BY Durrotun Nafisah Faridhma

By toni comara03:00:00 No comments:

Nama : Durrotun Nafisah Faridhma

Kelas : XII RPL 1

No : 07
Gambar sisip 1

1 UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL AND TYPE - KIND
" Pollution " is entered or the inclusion of living things , matter , energy , and / or other components into the water or air . Pollution could also mean changing the order ( composition ) of water or air by human activities and natural processes , so the quality of the water / air becomes less or cease to function according to their distribution . To prevent pollution of the environment by various industrial activities and human activities , it is necessary to control the environmental pollution by setting environmental quality standards .Environmental pollution can occur anywhere at a very fast pace , and the increasingly heavy burden of pollution caused by industrial waste from a variety of chemicals including heavy metals . Environmental pollution can be categorized into :
A. Types of Environmental Pollution
Based on that experience environmental pollution , environmental pollution outline can be grouped into water pollution , soil , and air .
a. Air pollutionWater pollution is a change of state in a water reservoirs such as lakes , rivers , oceans and groundwater caused by human activities .In the governance of human life , water plays an important role among many others for drinking , cooking , washing and bathing . In addition it is also a lot of water is needed to irrigate the fields , farms , industry , and many more .
Human action in fulfillment of daily activities , may have accidentally menambahjumlah inorganic material in the water and pollute the water . For example , removal of detergent to the water can adversely impact the organisms present in the water. Fertilizing agricultural land or fields with artificial fertilizer , then go into the water will cause the growth of aquatic plants that are not controlled or blooming called eutrophication . Some plants such as algae , water spikes , and water hyacinth will grow fast and cover the surface of the water so that sunlight does not penetrate to the bottom waters . As a result , existing plants can not photosynthesize below the surface so that the levels of dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced .Other chemicals , such as pesticides or DDT ( dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane ) are often used by farmers to eradicate plant pests can also be bad for plants and other organisms . If in the aquatic ecosystem pollution or pesticide DDT , DDT will occur flow
b . Soil pollutionSoil contamination is a state in which man-made chemicals in and change the natural soil environment . This contamination usually occurs because : leakage of liquid waste or industrial chemicals or commercial facilities ; pesticide use ; influx of contaminated ground water into the sub - surface layer ; accidents of vehicles carrying oil , chemicals , or waste , water waste from landfills and industrial wastes are directly discharged into the ground are not eligible ( illegal dumping ) .
Soil is a living place different types of plants and other living things , including humans . Soil quality can be reduced due to the process of erosion by flowing water sehinggakesuburannya will be reduced . In addition , deteriorating soil quality can be caused juaga solid waste landfills .
According to sources , solid waste derived from household waste ( domestic ) , industrial and natural ( plant ) . As for the type, waste can be divided into organic and inorganic waste . Organic waste from the remains of living things , such as leaves , dead animals , and paper . The inorganic waste is usually derived from industrial waste , such as plastics , metals and cans .
Organic waste is generally easily destroyed and decomposed by microorganisms in the soil . The inorganic waste is not easily destroyed and can degrade soil quality .
c . Air PollutionAir pollution is the presence of one or more physical substance , chemical , or biological atmospheric quantities that could endanger human health , animals , and plants , interfere with the aesthetics and comfort , or property damage .Polluted air if the air is said to contain elements that pollute the air . Form a variety of air pollutants , there is a form of gas and there is a form of liquid or solid particles .
1 ) Shaped Air Pollutant GasSome of the gas exceeds the number of environmental tolerance limits , and the environment into the air , can disrupt the lives of living beings . Gaseous air pollutants are carbon monoxide , sulfur compounds ( SO2 and H2S ) , seyawa nitrogen ( NO2 ) , and chloroflourocarbon ( CFC ) .CO2 levels are too high in the air can cause the air temperature at the earth's surface increases and can interfere with the respiratory system . Gas levels over 100 ppm CO in the blood can damage the nervous system and can cause death . SO2 and H2S gas can combine with water particles and cause acid rain . NO2 poisoning can cause respiratory system disorders , paralysis , and death . Meanwhile , coat of CFCs can cause damage to the ozone in the atmosphere .
2 ) Air Pollutant Particles Shaped Liquid or SolidParticles that pollute the air contained in the liquid or solid form . Particles in liquid form water droplets or mist . Mist may cause suffocation if terhiap into the lungs .
In the form of solid particles can be dust or volcanic ash . Also, it can also come from living things , such as bacteria , spores , viruses , pollen , or insects that have died . The particles are a source of disease that can interfere with human health .
Yangmencemari air particles can come from burning gasoline . Gasoline used in motor vehicles is usually mixed with lead compounds that rapid combustion engine runs perfectly . Will lead bereaki with chlorine and bromine to form particles PbClBr . The particles will be scattered by the vehicle through the exhaust into the air so that it will pollute the air .
c . Cultural pollutionPollution is the entrance or exit of the culture of a region with a low and flat culture - specific impact . Thus , there is a positive impact and no negative ones . For example , the positive : the inclusion of the sciences that are beneficial to society , the development of an invention to another country . Negative: The influx of foreign culture into powerful Islamic bersyariat areas such as in Aceh .
II.2 FACTORS CAUSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION• natural processes , such as biological decay , volcanic activity , burning bushes , and lightning .
• Creation / human activities , such as :• The result of fuel combustion that occurs in industry and motor vehicles .
• Processing and refining of mineral ore and coal .• The processes in the plant . Ground-up remains of the activities mentioned above .
• As a result of cultural contamination are:
Environmental pollution has been going on since time immemorial , since the existence of man , but only the 20th century due to human contamination caused it to be subject to all the community and the need to receive treatment and supervision seriously .Factors that cause environmental pollution as a byproduct of human activity include;
• Industrialization Factors• Urbanization Factors• Population Density Factor
• Lifestyle Factors• Factors of Economic DevelopmentThe above factors affect each other in complex ways . If one of the factors occur , then other factors may occur , thus environmental pollution can not be avoided .
Examples of factors that greatly disturb the environment include:
A. Industrialization factors
• Mining , transportation , refining and processing of materials to produce goods that can be used .
• Mining , transportation , refining and use of fuel to generate energy .• The remains of waste generated as a byproduct during the above processes .
• Urbanization Factors• Clearing of forests for settlements , industrial and systems• Transportation .
• Hoarding or piled -up remains / trash and results ? Side during the above processes .B. Population Density Factor
• Increased need for shelter / housing .• Increased need for food and energy needs .
• The growing need for consumer goods and materials to life .• Lifestyle Factors
• Use of excessive supplies so wasted.• The demand for luxury .• Waste energy .
• Factors of Economic Development• Increased use of source materials , such as fuel , forest products .
• Increasing the remnants of waste as a byproduct of the production of goods and the increasing interest in plant material contamination
II.3 that caused DUE BY POLLUTION1 . extinction of Species
Typically pollutant harmful to aquatic and terrestrial biota . Different types of animals mengelami poisoning , then die . Various species of animals that do not have the same immunity . There are sensitive , some are resistant . Young animals , animal larvae are sensitive to pollutants . There are animals that can adapt so immune to contaminants . , Adpula is not . Although animals adapt , should note that the level of animal adaptation has its limits . When the limit is terlampui , the animal will die .
2 . blasting HamaThe use of pesticides and insecticides can also be deadly predators . Because of extinct predators , the insect pests will flourish without restraint .
3 . Environmental Balance DisordersExtinction of certain spasies mengibah patterns of biological interactions in an ecosystem . Food chains , food webs and energy lairan menjadiberubah . As a result , the balance lingkngan disturbed . Recycling materials and biogeochemical cycles to be disrupted .
4 . Declining Soil FertilityThe use of pesticides and insecticides can affect soil fauna death . It can reduce soil fertility . Continuous use of fertilizer can cause the soil to become acidic . It also can reduce soil fertility . Likewise, the occurrence of acid rain .
5 . Toxicity and DiseasePeople who consume vegetables , fish , and contaminated food can be poisoned . there is death, there is a damaged liver , kidney , cancer , nervous system damage , and some even led to defects in keturunanketurunannya .6 . Biological concentrationThe process of increasing the body's levels of pollutants through the creature known as biological concentration ( in English known as biomagnificition .7 . Formation of Ozone Hole and the Greenhouse EffectThe formation of the ozone hole and the greenhouse effect is a global problem that is felt by all humanity . This is because contaminants can spread and have an impact elsewhere .
8 . Cultural pollution are:• Developing countries , such as Indonesia was always afraid of being left in the current globalisai in various fields such as politics , economics , social , cultural , including our art .• Traditional Arts instead of growing and sustainable , but it is increasingly shunned society . Puppet people and ludruk is a small sample of the traditional arts ranging from pollution terdepaknya culture .
• People are not interested anymore enjoy various traditional performing arts were previously familiar with their lives .
• With the advent of social change that comes as a result of industrialization and market economy system , and the globalization of information , then our art began to shift toward commercial -dimensional art . Art-art ritual started out and lose its function .• The mass media users know what is happening in other places with different cultures in a short time .
II.4 HOW TO RESOLVE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONAddressing the role of Human Environmental Pollution
1 . Humans have a very important role to overcome the environmental pollution caused by human activity itself . Some things people do to overcome the environmental pollution will be discussed :
2 . Doing Greening One way to overcome soil contamination is reforestation by giving humus soil , so the plants fertile again .
3 . Crop rotation Crop rotation is one of the efforts made to maintain soil fertility . This can be done by planting different crops in the same place alternately .
4 . Fertilizer use as needed5 . The use of artificial pu puk like urea , ZA , and excessive NSP is very damaging to the environment because it can lead to eutrophication and can increase the acidity tanah.Sebaiknya , farmers use natural fertilizers , like compost and manure to reduce soil contamination .6 . making Swales7 . One effort to address soil degradation due to erosion is by making chunks sloping swales in the land , such as hills and mountain slopes . Why swales can reduce erosion ? Discuss with friends sekelompokmu .
8 . Reforestation is the replanting of deforested lands . This is done to address the erosion because tree roots can absorb water and hold the soil so that rain water does not carry over .9 . Recycling Currently, many recycled products that can be used kembali.Pendaur - replications of household trash and garbage from the market into fertilizer that can be used by farmers . Usually in the form of waste vegetable market that had rotted . If reprocessed and added manure would be an excellent natural fertilizer for plants .
10 . To overcome the cultural pollution of which can be done by way of Increasing Human Resources ( HR ) for folk artists . Restoring the role of government officials as the guardian and protector , and not the other way just to destroy it for the sake of power and development -oriented project funds or funds for development in the economic sector .

CLOSING

Conclusion .Of some urain above it can be concluded that the environmental pollution , a contamination that could result in damage to the earth , when the environment is damaged then this life will perish .

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Environment is everything around us by Ana istifaroh

By toni comara02:54:00 No comments:

Topic : Environment
Script : Ana istifaroh
Grade : SMP/SMA/University

Assalamu ‘alaikum wr. Wb
Good Afternoon,
First of all, let’s thank to Allah SWT who has given us many mercies and blessing so we
can join this program without any troubles.

Secondly, I would like to introduce myself.

My name is ana istifaroh, I am a student of SMK N 4 KENDAL.

There are some efforts which should be done by all people:
1. Not cutting down the trees in the forest
2. Planting any kinds of trees in the barren area of the forest

By doing those simple efforts, it means we have participated in the preservation of our
environment.
I think that’s all and thank you very much for your attention.
Wassalamu ‘alaikum wr. Wb

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