THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 The present continuous is formed with the auxiliary verb be

(is, am, are) and the – ing form of the main verb.

1. Patterns

AFFIRMATIVE (S+ BE [is, am, are] + V-ing + C)	NEGATIVE(S+ BE [is, am, are] + NOT +V-ing + C)
I am studying English now. He is studying English now. She is studying English now. We are studying English now. They are studying English now. You are studying English now.	am not studying English now. He is not studying English now. She is not studying English now. We are not studying English now. They are not studying English now. You are not studying English now
INTERROGATIVE (BE [is, am, are] + S + V-ing + C + ?)
Am I studying English now? (+) Yes, you are. (-) No, you aren’t. Is he studying English now? (+) Yes, he is. (-) No, he isn’t. Is she studying English now? (+) Yes, she is. (-) No, she isn’t.	Are we studying English now? (+) Yes, we are. (-) No, we aren’t. Are they studying English now? (+) Yes, they are. (-) No, they aren’t. Are you studying English now? (+) Yes, I am. (-) No, I am not.

2. Contractions

Affirmative

a. I am 􀃆 I’m

b. He is 􀃆 He’s

c. She is 􀃆 She’s

d. We are 􀃆 We’re

e. They are 􀃆 They’re

f. You are 􀃆 You’re

Negative

a. I am not 􀃆 I’m not

b. He is not 􀃆 He’s not / He isn’t

c. She is not 􀃆 She’s not / She isn’t

d. We are not 􀃆 We’re not / We aren’t

e. They are not 􀃆 They’re not / They aren’t

f. You are not 􀃆 You’re not / You aren’t

3. Spelling Problems

Infinitive Explanation	Verb – ing	Explanation
decide divide like write	deciding dividing liking writing	Verbs ending-e, drop the-e when they add-in
dig sit stop swim	digging sitting stopping swimming	Verbs with one syllable, ending in one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant when they add-ing.
die lie tie	dying lying tying	Verbs ending in-ie change the-ie to-y.
cry fly study	crying flying studying	No changes

4. Usages

We use the present continuous to describe:

a. actions in progress at the present moment.

Tom, please answer the phone. I’m taking a bath now.

b. actions happening around now, even though not at the

moment of speaking.

We’re learning how to operate the newest computer

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A ROBOT AN IDEAL WORKER?

A ROBOT AN IDEAL WORKER?

We often hear a complaint about work in a factory. The work is too boring, heavy, repetitive, and even too dangerous for the worker. The operative does not have to think about the work. He gets no job satisfaction. One answer to this problem is a robot. For a certain job, a robot is much better than a human operative. Once it has been programmed, it will do its job over and over again. It never gets bored; it works at a constant speed; it does not make a mistake; its work is always of the same standard; it does not get tired; it does not go on strike; it can work for 24 hours without a break for food, rest, or sleep; it does not take a holiday or demand a higher wage.  

A robot is usually made to act like a human machine. It has another advantage, too. It can be designed to do almost any job. You cannot change a human body, but a robot’s arm, for example, can be made to move in any direction. A robot can also do very heavy work and it can operate in a condition that is too dangerous, too hot or too cold for a person to work in. It can work under water, in a poisonous, radioactive area. And on top of all this, a robot never complains.

(Taken from Bahasa Inggris Teknologi Industri 2)

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TIME MANAGEMENT

TIME MANAGEMENT

In today’s fast movement world, if we cannot manage our time, it will manage us. For most of professionals, they commonly hint the old English proverb – time is money – to manage their time. Actually, it is not all about the money. Time management is a very important aspect in our life. Now, pay close attention and use this time management story to show how planning is the key to time management. A lecturer at a university is giving a pre-exam lecture on time management. On his desk there are a bag of sand, a bag of pebbles, some big rocks and a bucket. He asks for a volunteer to put all three grades of stone into the bucket, and a keen student duly steps up to carry out the task, starting with the sand, then the pebbles, then the rocks, which do not all fit in the bucket.

"The is an analogy of poor time management," trills the lecturer, "If you'd have put the rocks in first, then the pebbles, then the sand, all three would have fit. This is much like time management, in that by completing your biggest tasks first, you leave room to complete your medium tasks, then your smaller ones. By completing your smallest tasks first you spend so much time on them and you leave yourself unable to complete either medium or large tasks satisfactorily. Let me show you." Then, the lecturer re-fills the bucket, big rocks first, then pebbles, then sand, shaking the bucket between each, so that everything fits. "But Sir," says one student, slouched at the back of the row, "You've forgotten one thing.." at which the student approaches the bucket, produces a can of coke, opens it and pours into the bucket. "No matter how busy you are," quips the student with a smile, "There's always time for a quick coke."

Finally, at the end of the lecture, the lecturer delivers some tips of time management to his students. First, plan and prioritise our activities. Set realistic deadlines for the things we want to achieve. If we have to have meetings, be clear about the agenda and make sure who are attending, and are aware of it as well. Start our meeting on time and finish on time. Unexpected visitors can be handled adroitly so that they do not eat up too much time. Transform our waiting time by taking along some of our work which can be finished while waiting for an appointment. Be gracious with people but ruthless with time! After all, never put off until later what you can do right now.

Source: http://www.google.com/search?Article.making+arrangement,+appointment etiquette.html

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