Powered Generators Used Tires

Used Tires for Power PlantPowered Generators Used TiresYou may often see chairs, tables, and other home furnishingsother raw materials derived from used tires. All that ishandicrafts as an effort to utilize existing vehicle tiresnot used anymore.
Another such practices undertaken by some employerspublic transportation in Jakarta. Since the economic crisis hit, the price of the tireskyrocketed unpalatable.
As a result, some employers of transport, particularly buses, recycling tiresthe former in such a way that it can be used on the streets.Efforts are dangerous but nonetheless do so no wondermany cases where public transit bus tires which erupted because in factnot roadworthy.
Many ways have been done to recycle used tires. In addition to beingfurniture, also used as slippers or other home appliances.Processing solutions that include old tires in Indonesia. If it was not forfurniture, used again as a tire ya ... can be used to serveemergency buoy boats.
How about the processing of scrap tires in foreign countries?
Each year in the United States approximately 300 million tires discarded used carsas waste. Not to mention in European countries are estimated to beof 200 million used car tires thrown away each year. SoVoice of America reported recently.
Rework by burning tires, other than an eyesore, toocause air pollution. Why used car tires contain a rubber,carbon, and other chemical elements are very dangerous when burned away.
For example, in Virginia the United States in 1983 wheredisposal of used car tires in which there were five to seven millionused car tires were burned.
You can imagine how thick foul-smelling smoke and toxic.New fire extinguished after nine months later.
From a number of processing used car tires, it turns out that the raw materialscan be recycled to be used as electrical energy. How, bydestroy it, then try to mix it with asphalt coatingroad.
The other method is to burn coal as supplementary materialin the centers of power. Thus, coal-firedpower not only as raw material but there are other supplements thatit tires.
However, it turns out the way as it was still burning pollutes theeventually had to be addressed as well. The smoke from burning it is verydetrimental to health.
Some time later, a company in Oklahoma, USA,succeeded in creating new technology to take advantage of the used car tiresas a source of energy and raw material resources. Results from recycled tiresthe former as carbon black can be used to make new tires.
In addition, the company's Integrated Technology Group who didprocessing of scrap tires will begin to use scrap tires as a materialraw power station that does not cause pollution.
The trick tires burnt and the heat is taken to be a powerelectricity. To that end, the company is capable of making media burningfilter the smoke from burning tires.
Currently, the project is still a pilot. Because it is stillpilot, electricity produced is also just enough to satisfyhousing needs within a few blocks of the city.
The new finding is a lot of recognition for the city and the expert stylistsEuropean environment.
In order to raise funds for power projects that used tires,Integrated Technology Group has been selling shares since July last year inFrankfurt stock market.
Sizable public interest against the steps taken to process tiresformer question. Only, it still needs more funds to it.
The solutions offered have made the state unionEurope took the attitude that begin later in 2006, all car tiresshould be recycled and not be disposed of in a landfill.
According to Scott Holden, an official at the Integrated Technology Group,consciousness of Europeans to prevent environmental pollution causedby the side effects of modern life is high.
Get ready to enjoy the electric powered tires? (N-5)

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Mulch Soil conservation Easy Way

Mulch Soil conservation Easy Way
Mulch is the rest of the plant, plastic sheet, or stone structure that is spread on the ground. Mulching helps to protect the soil surface from the rain, erosion and retain moisture, structure, soil fertility, as well as inhibiting the growth of weeds (weeds).Types of mulch1. Crop residue mulchMulch is composed of organic material crop residue (rice straw, corn stalks), clipping of a hedge plant, the leaves and twigs of the plant. Materials are distributed evenly over the soil surface 2-5 cm thick so that the soil surface completely covered.mulsa_2Crop residue mulch can improve fertility, structure, and groundwater reserves. Mulch also inhibits weed growth, and support (buffer) so that the soil temperature is not too hot and not too cold. In addition, crop residues dapatmenarik land animals (such as worms), because of high soil moisture and availability of organic material as worm food. The presence of worms and organic matter will help improve soil structure.Crop residue mulch will decay and rot. Because it is necessary to add mulch every year or season, depending on the speed of decay.The rest of herbaceous plants, such as rice straw, much longer than the decay of organic material such as plant leguminose surly, Arachis, and so on.2. Vertical Mulchmulsa_3Mulch is generally distributed evenly on the soil surface. But vertical mulch mulch of crop residues is embedded into the ground vertically to fill the cracks and cleavage in cross land. Suitable for vertical mulching soils often have cracked in the dry season, such as land Vertisols (Grumusol) are often found in drier climates.Grumusol clay is generally difficult and heavily processed. In the rainy season the soil is a clay and sticky, and during the dry season becoming hard and cracked.How do vertical mulching?mulsa_4In the dry season merengkah clay to a depth of 1 m and a width of up to 5 cm. Rengkahan stuffed with straw or other crop residues. After the rain came rengkahan will close, but the gap held by vertical mulch will help increase water infiltration into the soil so that the flowsurface and reduced erosion.Another way for vertical mulching is to dig a trench by contour lines and buried straw or crop residue in it.The advantages of vertical mulch

    Improving soil fertility because it adds organic matter
    Improving water infiltration
    Reducing erosion
    Improving the lives of micro and macro bodies in the ground
    Increasing soil moisture
2. Plastic sheet mulchmulsa_5In the agribusiness system intensive, with high economic value crops, often used plastic mulch to reduce evaporation of water from the soil and suppress pests and diseases and weeds. Plastic sheets spread over the soil surface to protect the plants.Tent-shaped plastic mulch for perennial crops trees the plastic mulch can be installed as a tent to block weed growth, retain soil moisture and keep the soil temperature remains high.3. Rock mulchmulsa_6In the mountains the rocks pretty much available that can be used as mulch to plant trees. Ground surface covered with stones arranged meeting to look no further.The size of the stones ranged between 2-10 cm. Thick layer of mulch is not certain, clear the ground to be covered. The benefits of stone mulch is:

    Facilitate rainwater infiltration Reduce water evaporation from the soil surface
    Protect the soil surface from rain blows items
    Suppress weeds (wild grass)

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Water Fuel Could Reduce Fuel Use

Water Fuel Could Reduce Fuel Use~
Water Fuel, Why Not?The government's decision to raise fuel prices (fuel) to 28.7 per cent make people restless, especially the middle to lower. Therefore, the domino effect of rising fuel prices, it is very remarkable.Although no direct cash assistance (BLT) Rp 300,000 for the next three months, it still does not solve the problem. BLT instead twisted into immediate load, and that's a fact of life that people feel small.The increase in fuel prices, it might not be a heavy burden on the top that has a lot of vehicles. In contrast, for the very poor have little impact, including the rising cost of transportation public transportation vehicles.The small community has also felt the heavy weight motorcycle with the fuel price hike. However, amid concerns them, a hope that is expected to be a new solution how to save expensive fuel, by using water. Could it be replaced fuel water fuel (BBA)?Joko Sutrisno residents Jl HOS Cokroaminoto No. 76 Yogyakarta, has found a solution to the high cost of fuel is hydrogen generator. A plastic tube containing elektrolizer pure water or distilled water, with elektrodae (stainless stell) and a diode or reley (on the car), functioned as a modifier molecules of hydrogen into energy. Through the process of electrolysis pressure regulator into manifold (plastic faucet), engine combustion system will be close to perfect.The tool is not intended to make fuel efficient, but it is made of premium materials and diesel fuel substitute. For the future, Jim will maximize the use of water or so the motor will be 100 percent drove by hydro power.Not a DreamFindings Joko Sutrisno was not a dream. In fact, every day dozens of cars and motorcycles lined up in his house, who asked that his creations simple devices installed in their vehicles. The price is not expensive, at $ 75,000 for the motor and $ 150,000 for the car, and the installation process was not complicated, at least for half an hour.In fact, Sutrisno own claim to have used the device on his personal car for two years. "I test with my own car and it lasted 2 years without a problem, although I used to being told people are crazy," he said.Love People movement activist Water (GMCA) V Kirjito Pr Romo also Santa Maria Lourdes Parish Church, Village Resource, Shaman District, Yogyakarta, also acknowledged the work of his followers also Joko Sutrisno it. It should be the more we recognize that it is basically water was very "nice" to us. The more so if the hearts and minds there is no negative attitude towards water. Because the basic elements of life that water,'' said Kirjito like this GMCA site loaded.According Kirjito, utilization of molecular hydrogen through electrolysis to improve combustion process is very easy. And the result, near-perfect combustion. So when applied to a car or motor power increased dramatically, the engine is very smooth, clean dump leftover gas and fuel efficient.Joko himself promised in December 2008, subsequent research to be completed, the motor can operate 100 percent with water. What about you?Hope LIPIThe issue of water into fuel is not new. According to the Head of the Physics Research Center Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Prof Dr Achiar Oemry, information about the water into fuel has long been out of the country such as Japan and India."In theory water into fuel can indeed be realized and dipertangungjawabkan. Ie decompose water into hydrogen," said Achyar to SP in Jakarta, Tuesday (27/5).Achiar Oemry said, water can replace the function of the fuel to propel the vehicle. Oemry explained, the water has the chemical formula H2O molecule contains two elements, namely hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). By using a very simple separation mechanism, molecular hydrogen can be separated from the water which is then used as the primary fuel for the vehicles."The use of hydrogen fuel is not newly discovered. Discovery that long. Course space shuttle uses this fuel," he said.Oemry who is also Chairman of the Fuel Cell Consortium Indonesia argues, there are some countries that develop environmentally friendly technologies, such as China and Japan. Even the two countries, has been to export the vehicle is designed to use hydrogen fuel.Commenting on the findings of the public on water fuel lately, Oemry admitted personally support it though LIPI has not been a test of the technology. He said that Indonesia is able to change the habit of using the fuel into hydrogen fuel."The technology is there. Now the problem is the policy of the government, would not develop water harvesting technology into automotive fuel," he said.According Achyar, research towards water fuel to replace gasoline is still lacking. However, he considered, the use of environmentally friendly fuels such as this water depends on the political will of the government.But without any government encouragement, now people choose to live. Want to keep using expensive fuel or utilizing water-efficient, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly

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THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE: VERB 1

THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE: VERB 1

 study the following

explanation.

In the previous learning activities, you found the expressions below:

1. I live in Bantul.

2. We have a new member.

3. Do you know Baskara?

4. I don’t think we have met.

When talking about facts (they stay the same for a long time) and habits (they happen again and again) we use THE SIMPLE PRESENT. The verb is the simple form of verb.

In positive form, when the subject is a third singular person (Talita, she, he) and it suffix s/es is added to the verb. In negative and interrogative, does is used for the third

singular person, and do is used for the others. it), suffix s/es is added to the verb.

In negative and interrogative, does is used for the third singular person, and do is used for the others. 

Look at the examples.

1. Talita works in Rumpita Hotel

2. She has the competency to perform well at work.

3. Does she speak English?

4. Certainly, but she doesn’t speak Japanese.

5. We live in Indonesia.

6. More people stay in our hotel on weekends.

7. They usually come with their family.

8. Do they always spend much money in the hotel restaurant?

9. No. They usually don’t spend much money on food.

10. A receptionist welcomes guests in a hotel or an office.

Notes:

1. In positive form, when the subject is a third singular

person (Talita, she, he, it), suffix s/es is added to the

verb.

2. In negative and interrogative, does is used for the third

singular person, and do is used for the others.

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Ban Bekas Bisa Dijadikan Pembangkit Listrik

Ban Bekas Bisa Dijadikan Pembangkit Listrik

Pembangkit Listrik Bertenaga Ban Bekas

Anda barangkali sering melihat kursi, meja, dan perabot rumah tangga
lainnya yang bahan bakunya berasal dari ban bekas. Semua itu merupakan
hasil kerajinan tangan sebagai upaya memanfaatkan ban kendaraan yang sudah
tidak terpakai lagi.

Praktik semacam itu lain lagi dengan yang dilakukan beberapa pengusaha
angkutan umum di Jakarta. Sejak krisis ekonomi melanda, harga ban menjadi
melejit tidak karuan.

Akibatnya, beberapa pengusaha angkutan, terutama bus, mendaur ulang ban
bekas sedemikian rupa sehingga bisa digunakan di jalanan.
Upaya itu berbahaya tetapi tetap saja dilakukan sehingga tidak heran
apabila banyak kasus ban bus angkutan umum yang meletus karena sebetulnya
tidak laik jalan.

Banyak cara telah dilakukan untuk mendaur ulang ban bekas. Selain menjadi
perabot, juga dijadikan sandal atau peranti rumahan lainnya.
Itu antara lain solusi pengolahan ban bekas di Indonesia. Kalau tidak untuk
perabot, digunakan lagi sebagai ban ya... bisa dipakai untuk dijadikan
pelampung darurat di kapal-kapal.

Bagaimana dengan pengolahan ban bekas di mancanegara?

Setiap tahun di Amerika Serikat sekitar 300 juta ban mobil bekas dibuang
sebagai sampah. Belum lagi di negara-negara Eropa yang diperkirakan lebih
dari 200 juta ban mobil bekas tiap tahunnya dibuang percuma. Demikian
laporan Voice of America baru-baru ini.

Mengolah ban dengan membakarnya, selain merusak pemandangan, juga
menimbulkan polusi udara. Sebabnya ban mobil bekas mengandung karet,
karbon, dan unsur kimia lainnya yang amat berbahaya bila dibakar begitu saja.

Sebagai contoh, di Virginia Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1983 tempat
pembuangan ban mobil bekas yang di dalamnya terdapat lima sampai tujuh juta
ban mobil bekas yang dibakar.

Bisa dibayangkan betapa tebalnya asap tebal yang berbau busuk dan beracun.
Api baru padam setelah sembilan bulan kemudian.

Dari sejumlah pengolahan ban mobil bekas tersebut, ternyata bahan baku itu
bisa didaur ulang untuk dijadikan energi listrik. Caranya, dengan
menghancurkannya, kemudian berupaya untuk mencampurnya dengan aspal pelapis
jalan.

Metode lainnya adalah dengan membakarnya sebagai bahan tambahan batu bara
di pusat-pusat pembangkit listrik. Dengan demikian, batubara pembangkit
listrik tidak melulu sebagai bahan baku tetapi ada suplemen lainnya yakni
ban bekas itu.

Namun, ternyata cara pembakaran seperti itu masih menimbulkan polusi yang
akhirnya terpaksa harus ditangani pula. Asap hasil pembakaran itu sangat
mengganggu kesehatan.

Beberapa waktu kemudian, sebuah perusahaan di Oklahoma, Amerika Serikat,
berhasil menciptakan teknologi baru untuk memanfaatkan ban mobil bekas itu
sebagai sumber energi dan sumber bahan baku. Hasil daur ulang dari ban
bekas yakni seperti carbon black bisa dipakai untuk membuat ban baru.

Selain itu, perusahaan Integrated Technology Group yang melakukan
pengolahan ban bekas ini akan mulai menggunakan ban bekas sebagai bahan
baku pusat pembangkit listrik yang tidak menimbulkan polusi.

Caranya ban bekas dibakar dan diambil panasnya untuk dijadikan pembangkit
listrik. Untuk itu, perusahaan dimaksud membuat media pembakaran yang mampu
menyaring asap tebal hasil pembakaran ban tersebut.

Saat ini, proyek dimaksud masih bersifat percontohan. Karena sifatnya masih
percontohan, listrik yang dihasilkannya juga hanya cukup untuk memenuhi
kebutuhan beberapa blok perumahan dalam sebuah kota.

Temuan baru ini banyak mendapat pengakuan dari para penata kota dan pakar
lingkungan Eropa.

Guna menggalang dana untuk proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga ban bekas itu,
Integrated Technology Group telah menjual sahamnya sejak Juli tahun lalu di
pasar saham Frankfurt.

Animo masyarakat lumayan terhadap langkah yang diambil untuk mengolah ban
bekas dimaksud. Hanya saja, ternyata masih dibutuhkan dana lebih untuk itu.

Solusi yang ditawarkan tersebut telah membuat kelompok negara persatuan
Eropa mengambil sikap bahwa mulai tahun 2006 nanti, semua mobil ban bekas
harus di daur ulang dan tidak boleh dibuang di tempat penimbunan sampah.

Menurut Scott Holden, seorang pejabat di Integrated Technology Group,
kesadaran orang Eropa untuk mencegah polusi lingkungan yang ditimbulkan
oleh dampak sampingan kehidupan modern cukup tinggi.

Siap-siap menikmati listrik bertenaga ban bekas? (N-5)

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Bahan Bakar Air Bisa Mengurangi Penggunaan BBM

~ Bahan Bakar Air Bisa Mengurangi Penggunaan BBM

Kumpulan Artikel - 109 - Energi Fuel Cell / Sel Bahan Bakar

Bahan Bakar Air, Kenapa Tidak?

Keputusan pemerintah menaikkan harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) sampai 28,7 persen membuat resah masyarakat, terutama kalangan menengah ke bawah. Sebab, efek domino dari kenaikan harga BBM tersebut, sangat luar biasa.

Walau ada bantuan langsung tunai (BLT) Rp 300.000 untuk tiga bulan ke depan, tetap saja tak menyelesaikan masalah. BLT malah dipelesetkan menjadi beban langsung terasa, dan itulah kenyataan hidup yang dirasakan rakyat kecil.

Kenaikan harga BBM, mungkin tidak menjadi beban berat bagi kalangan atas yang memiliki kendaraan banyak. Sebaliknya, bagi masyarakat kecil dampaknya sangat buruk, termasuk naiknya biaya transportasi kendaraan angkutan umum.

Masyarakat kecil yang memiliki motor pun merasakan beban berat dengan kenaikan harga BBM tersebut. Namun, di tengah keresahan itu, muncul sebuah harapan yang diharapkan bisa menjadi solusi baru bagaimana menghemat BBM yang mahal, yakni dengan menggunakan air. Mungkinkah BBM digantikan bahan bakar air (BBA)?

Joko Sutrisno warga Jl HOS Cokroaminoto No 76 Yogyakarta, telah menemukan solusi mahalnya BBM itu dengan hydrogen generator. Sebuah tabung elektrolizer plastik berisi air murni atau aquades, dilengkapi dengan elektrodae (berbahan stainless stell) dan diode atau reley (pada mobil), difungsikan sebagai pengubah molekul hidrogen menjadi energi. Melalui proses elektrolisa pengatur tekanan menuju manifold (kran plastik), sistem pembakaran mesin akan mendekati sempurna.

Alat itu bukan bertujuan membuat irit bahan bakar, namun justru dijadikan bahan mengganti premium maupun solar. Untuk ke depannya, Joko akan memaksimalkan penggunaan air atau sehingga motor akan 100 persen melaju dengan tenaga hydro.

Bukan Mimpi

Temuan Joko Sutrisno itu bukan mimpi. Faktanya, setiap hari puluhan mobil dan motor antre di rumahnya, yang minta agar alat sederhana ciptaannya dipasang pada kendaraan mereka. Harganya pun tidak mahal, yakni Rp 75.000 untuk motor dan Rp 150.000 untuk mobil, dan proses pemasangannya pun tak berbelit-belit, paling lama setengah jam.

Bahkan, Sutrisno sendiri mengaku telah menggunakan alat itu pada mobil pribadinya selama dua tahun. "Saya uji coba dengan mobil saya sendiri dan sudah berlangsung 2 tahun tanpa masalah, meski dulu saya sering dikatai orang gila," katanya.

Aktivis Gerakan Masyarakat Cinta Air (GMCA) V Kirjito Pr yang juga Romo Gereja Paroki Santa Maria Lourdes, Desa Sumber, Kecamatan Dukun, Yogyakarta, juga mengakui karya Joko Sutrisno yang juga umatnya itu. Kiranya perlu makin kita kenali bahwa pada dasarnya Air itu amat "baik" pada kita. Lebih-lebih jika dalam hati dan pikiran kita tidak ada sikap negatif terhadap Air. Karena Air itulah unsur pokok kehidupan,'' kata Kirjito seperti dimuat situs GMCA ini.

Menurut Kirjito, pemanfaatan molekul hidrogen melalui proses elektrolisa untuk meningkatkan pembakaran sangatlah mudah. Dan hasilnya, pembakaran mendekati sempurna. Maka jika diaplikasikan pada mobil atau motor tenaga meningkat drastis, suara mesin sangat halus, sisa gas buangnya bersih dan irit bahan bakar.

Joko sendiri yang berjanji pada bulan Desember 2008, penelitian lanjutannya akan selesai, yakni motor dapat beroperasi 100 persen dengan air. Bagaimana dengan Anda?

Harapan LIPI

Persoalan air menjadi bahan bakar memang bukan hal yang baru. Menurut Kepala Pusat Penelitian Fisika Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), Prof Dr Achiar Oemry, informasi tentang air menjadi bahan bakar sudah lama ada di luar negeri seperti di Jepang dan India.

"Secara teori air menjadi bahan bakar memang bisa diwujudkan dan dipertangungjawabkan. Yakni dengan mengurai air menjadi hidrogen," ujar Achyar kepada SP di Jakarta Selasa (27/5).

Achiar Oemry mengatakan, air bisa menggantikan fungsi BBM untuk menggerakkan kendaraan. Oemry menjelaskan, air yang memiliki rumus kimia H2O mengandung dua unsur molekul, yakni hidrogen (H) dan oksigen (O). Dengan menggunakan mekanisme pemisahan yang sangat sederhana, molekul hydrogen dapat dipisahkan dari air yang kemudian digunakan sebagai bahan bakar utama untuk menggerakkan kendaraan.

"Penggunaan bahan bakar hidrogen bukanlah hal yang baru ditemukan. Penemuan itu sudah lama. Pesawat ulang alik saja menggunakan bahan bakar ini," katanya.

Oemry yang juga Ketua Konsorsium Fuel Cell Indonesia mengemukakan, sudah ada beberapa negara yang mengembangkan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan ini, seperti Tiongkok dan Jepang. Bahkan kedua negara tersebut, sudah melakukan ekspor kendaraan yang didesain menggunakan bahan bakar hidrogen.

Mengomentari adanya temuan-temuan masyarakat mengenai bahan bakar air akhir-akhir ini, Oemry mengaku, secara pribadi mendukung hal tersebut meskipun LIPI belum melakukan pengujian terhadap teknologi tersebut. Dia mengatakan, sebenarnya Indonesia sudah bisa mengubah kebiasaan menggunakan BBM menjadi bahan bakar hydrogen.

"Teknologinya sudah ada. Sekarang yang menjadi masalah adalah kebijakan politik pemerintah, mau tidak mengembangkan teknologi pemanfaatan air menjadi bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor ini," ujarnya.

Menurut Achyar, penelitian ke arah bahan bakar air untuk menggantikan BBM ini masih kurang. Namun dia menilai, penggunaan bahan bakar ramah lingkungan seperti air ini sangat tergantung dari kehendak politik pemerintah.

Tetapi, tanpa dorongan pemerintah pun, kini masyarakat tinggal memilih. Mau tetap menggunakan BBM yang mahal atau memanfaatkan air tersebut yang irit, murah, dan ramah lingkungan

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