- Dari
- Ke
NAME : ARIEF HIMAWAN
CLASS : XII RPL 3
NO : 02
The
paper, 'Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires a
change to the selective fishing philosophy', was written by a team of
authors led by Shijie Zhou of the CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship.
Dr
Zhou says ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) is broadly
practiced as a means of reducing the impact of fishing on marine
ecosystems while ensuring sustainable fisheries.
He
says fishing methods under EBFM vary greatly in how selectively they
catch fish. The common view is that highly selective methods that catch
only one or a few species above a certain size limit are more
environmentally responsible.
But recent advances in fishery science and ecology suggest a
selective approach may exacerbate rather than reduce the impact of fishing on both fisheries and marine ecosystems.
"Selective
fishing alters biodiversity, which in turn changes ecosystem
functioning and may affect fisheries production, hindering rather than
helping to achieve the goals of EBFM," Dr Zhou says. "These effects have
been overshadowed to some extent by a focus on overharvesting."
"We
believe it is time to critically rethink traditional selective fishing
approaches that might not protect ecosystems and fisheries as intended,
but may in fact make them more vulnerable to large changes in structure
and function."
Dr Zhou and his co-authors propose a "balanced
exploitation" approach combining reduced fishing effort, less selective
fishing strategies, and better use of the catch to help achieve
sustainable overall yields while maintaining healthy ecosystems.
"The
trade-off is lower exploitation levels on currently highly targeted
species against better use of more parts of the ecosystem," Dr Zhou
says.
"Fisheries
production could actually increase through better use of non-target
species, while reducing unsustainably high catches of target species,
thereby helping to meet the challenge of increasing global food demand."
Dr Zhou says the implications of such a change in
approach would need to be considered by a wide range of stakeholders
including fishermen, fishery managers and conservation agencies.
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